Endoscopy is to examine hollow organs with a device. It not only displays, but also allows processes such as biopsy, called as ‘illuminated hose’ among people. If endoscopy is done to view esophagus, stomach, and duodenum intestine, the name of it in medicine is ‘özofagogastroduodenoscopy’, or called briefly as ‘gastroscopy’. If it is done for large intestine, then the name is ‘colonoscopy’.
During gastroscopy, esophagus, stomach, the place where the esophagus meets the stomach, gastric outlet, and duodenal intestine are examined.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is where the esophagus, stomach, duodenum and large intestine are reviewed study methods. The main ‘gastrointestinal endoscopy’ types and examined regions are;
Ozofagogastroduodenoscopy: (Upper GIS Endoscopy) Esophagus, stomach, and duodenal intestine. Ozofago stands for esophagus, Gastro is for stomach, and Duodenoscopy is for duodenal intestine.
Colonoscopy: All large intestines
Rectosigmoidoscopy: Last parts of large intestines; rectum and sigmoid.
Rectoscopy: Only rectum
What happens during Endoscopy? Is the operation tough?
Endoscopy has been used for many years in the examination of the digestive system. There are now very mobile, flexible, thinner display devices that have higher capacity compared to the old times. The success of endoscopy and patients who don’t get disturbed by it, varies on who, where, how it was built and whether an experienced team helped.
Drug should be administered to patient as a preparation if there is no obstacle. First, patient’s base of tongue and uvula is regionally anesthetized with a spray by dentists. This eliminates the nausea. Later on, relaxing and mild sleep drugs are given from the arm vein. Endoscopy becomes extremely comfortable if done in this way.
The Process Features:
An 8 to 10 mm thick and extremely soft tube goes into the stomach from the esophagus and duodenum intestine. The device’s length is roughly 110-120 cm and has a camera at the tip which reflects vision to a television screen. By looking at these images, the doctor examines patient’s inner surface and diagnose the cause. During this process, patient’s pulse and oxygen level can be monitored.
If needed, small part of a skin is taken (biopsy) for diagnosis and therapeutic procedures such as polyp removal and bleeding stopping can be done. The process is completed within 3-5 minutes. Colonoscopy on the other hand is the same process from the rectum, yet bowel cleansing is required before. During the process, a mild gas complaint may occur, and colonoscopy requires a little more time.
Is there any preparation to be done before Endoscopic examination?:
Yes, depending on the endoscopic review, there are some preparations. These are;
Ozofagogastroduodenescopy:
To examine, stomach must be empty. Do not eat anything from the night before, starting at 24:00. Drinking water few hours before test is allowed. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, food pipe (esophagus), stomach and small portion of your intestine (duodenum) are the processes of a direct visual examination. This examination is done by swallowing a small scale, flexible tube with a bright light at the end. The doctor looks down from the tube and investigates whether there is any disease. When necessary, small sample tissues are taken (biopsy) for detailed laboratory analysis. By the help of forceps, tissue samples are taken with the endoscope in a painless manner.
Some treatments can be performed with endoscope. For instance; the expansion of stenosis, removal of tumors called polyps and foreign bodies, and by injecting vascular tissue hardeners, stopping bleeding vessels and burning of ulcers.
Colonoscopy:
It is necessary to empty large intestines. A specific diet and medication should be used in order to do this examination. These will be explained when appointment is given.
Rectoscopy:
There is again a partial intestine cleaning in this study. Necessary medication and its usage will be explained when appointment is given.
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